Three-Dimensional Analysis of Maxillary Incisor Root Resorption Associated With Three Distinct Anterior Retraction...

Area of Science:

• Orthodontics
• Dental Imaging
• Biomaterials

Background:

• Orthodontic treatment can lead to external apical root resorption (EARR).
• Different orthodontic techniques may influence the extent of EARR.
• Understanding factors affecting EARR is crucial for patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare EARR of maxillary incisor roots among three orthodontic treatment groups: invisible aligners, fixed orthodontic treatment without microimplants, and fixed orthodontic treatment with microimplants.
• To assess changes in root volume and length before and after treatment.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective study of Class II malocclusion patients (n=30) who underwent premolar extraction.
• Three groups: invisible aligner (n=10), fixed without microimplants (n=10), fixed with microimplants (n=10).
• Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and 3D-Slicer software used to measure changes in root volume and length.

Main Results:

• All three groups showed statistically significant changes in maxillary incisor root volume and length post-treatment.
• No statistically significant differences in the magnitude of root changes were found between the three treatment groups.
• Root volume changes were greater in central incisors than lateral incisors.
• Root length changes positively correlated with patient age.

Conclusions:

• Fixed orthodontic treatment with microimplant support may have a greater effect on maxillary incisor root volume compared to invisible aligner and conventional fixed orthodontic treatments.
• External apical root resorption (EARR) is positively correlated with patient age.
• Clinical attention to root resorption is advised for older patients or those undergoing treatment with mini-implants.