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Addressing unmet needs in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: an Italian Delphi consensus on current challenges and
Michele Cavo1, Sara Bringhen2, Gabriele Buda3
1Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Frontiers in Oncology
|March 2, 2026
Summary
Managing relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma is challenging, especially for double-refractory patients. Expert consensus highlights unmet needs and the potential of immunotherapies to improve outcomes in Italy.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Oncology
- Clinical Practice
Background:
- Relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma presents significant management challenges.
- Increasing resistance to novel agents like lenalidomide and daratumumab limits treatment options.
- The rise of double-refractory cases underscores a critical need for evidence-based treatment guidance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To establish expert consensus on current challenges in multiple myeloma management in Italy.
- To identify emerging therapies and address unmet needs in the Italian clinical landscape.
- To evaluate the potential impact of innovative immunotherapies.
Main Methods:
- A modified Delphi process involving one opinion leader and eight experts.
- Two rounds of online surveys followed by a virtual consensus meeting.
- Consensus achieved on epidemiology, treatment patterns, and unmet needs in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma.
Main Results:
- 90% consensus reached on statements regarding multiple myeloma in Italy.
- Experts confirmed limited efficacy and safety of current second- and third-line therapies.
- A substantial unmet clinical need exists, particularly for double-refractory patients.
Conclusions:
- Effective treatment for all relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma patients remains a major unmet need.
- Immunotherapies offer significant potential to address treatment gaps due to their distinct mechanisms of action.
- Innovative immunotherapies are anticipated to improve clinical outcomes in Italy.
Keywords:
Delphi consensusbelantamab mafodotinciltacabtagene autoleuceldaratumumab-refractorylenalidomide-refractoryrelapsed/refractory multiple myelomaunmet therapeutic needsMore Related Videos
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