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Association between calcium intake and sleep quality: a systematic review
Ami Isoda1, Junko Kiriya2, Masamine Jimba2
1National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Japan Institute for Health Security, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
BMJ Nutrition, Prevention & Health
|March 2, 2026
Summary
Calcium intake may positively impact sleep quality and duration. However, current evidence is limited, necessitating further research, including randomized controlled trials, to confirm these findings.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional Science
- Sleep Medicine
- Public Health
Background:
- Growing prevalence of sleep disorders necessitates research into influencing factors.
- Emerging evidence links calcium intake to sleep quality and duration.
- Limited studies have explored specific factors, like calcium, affecting sleep.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and synthesize existing evidence on the association between calcium intake and sleep quality.
- To examine the relationship between calcium intake and sleep duration.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature search across multiple databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, etc.).
- Inclusion of various study designs: randomized controlled trials, case-control, cohort, and cross-sectional studies.
- Manual searches via Google Scholar and reference lists of included articles.
Main Results:
- Seven independent studies (nine reports) met inclusion criteria; six were cross-sectional.
- A positive association between calcium intake and sleep quality was suggested, though not always statistically significant.
- Lower calcium intake correlated with inappropriate sleep duration.
Conclusions:
- A potential positive relationship exists between calcium intake and sleep quality.
- The current evidence quality is unsatisfactory.
- Randomized controlled trials are needed to establish the effectiveness of calcium on sleep quality.
Keywords:
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