Prevalence and Risk Factors of Various Gastrointestinal Malignancies

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are among the most common and fatal tumors worldwide, with incidence rates varying significantly due to factors such as inheritance, lifestyle, and diet. Understanding the prevalence and related risk factors is essential for improved prevention and treatment techniques. Data were collected from patients admitted to Baqaei Hospital during 2019 to 2022. The questionnaire includeddemographic data (age and sex), occupation, location of malignancy, genetic history, smoking habits, underlying disease (hypertension, diabetes, rheumatism), performing physical activities (exercise), presence of metastasis ,and complete survival status. The data analysis of this study was performed using statistical software: SPSS. Both linear regression and unadjusted logistic regression analyses were conducted. T-test and chi-square statistical methods were also used for analysis in this study. The results revealed that the survival rate in patients with gastrointestinal malignancies are significantly associated with factors such as age, family history, tumor location (colon and pancreas), history of smoking, concomitant disease, metastasis (rectal cancer), and physical activity. The average age of death is 66.05 years. Among them, approximately 20.4% had a family history of cancer. Also, 50% exhibited metastasis, 44.8% had a history of smoking, 74.8% had underlying diseases, and 99.6% had not exercised. Physical activity was significantly lower in deceased patients, and fewer deaths occurred among those with high physical activity levels. Rectal cancer had the highest percentage of metastasis among living and deceased patients. It will be useful to carry out more studies to determine the clinical and demographic factors that affect the survival of patients with colorectal cancer patients. Public awareness and early medical consultation are crucial for improving outcomes.