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Microscopic Cyst Resection for the Treatment of Patients Diagnosed with Epididymal Cyst
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Surgical Excision Versus Incision and Drainage for Epidermoid (Sebaceous) Cysts: A Systematic Review
Subramaniam Guru Naidu1, Nazan Can Guru Naidu2, Pia Borgas3
1General Surgery, Barnet Hospital, London, GBR.
Cureus
|March 2, 2026
Summary
Complete surgical excision is the best method for treating epidermoid cysts (sebaceous cysts), significantly reducing recurrence. Minimally invasive techniques offer better cosmetic results but may have higher recurrence rates.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Surgical Oncology
Background:
- Epidermoid cysts (sebaceous cysts) are common benign skin growths.
- Various surgical methods exist for their management.
- Recurrence and complications are key concerns.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and compare outcomes of different surgical strategies for epidermoid cysts.
- To focus on recurrence rates and postoperative complications.
- To identify optimal management approaches.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library.
- Inclusion of studies published up to December 2025.
- Adherence to PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews.
Main Results:
- Five studies with 1,303 patients were included.
- Complete surgical excision showed lower recurrence than incision and drainage.
- Minimally invasive and CO₂ laser techniques offered good cosmetic outcomes with acceptable complications.
Conclusions:
- Complete excision of the entire cyst wall is recommended to minimize epidermoid cyst recurrence.
- Further prospective research is needed to solidify evidence.
- Balancing recurrence risk and cosmetic outcomes is crucial in treatment selection.
