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PU.1 Inhibition Attenuates Neuroinflammation and Pyroptosis After Traumatic Brain Injury by Modulating Microglial

Yong Wu1,2, Sixian Ma3, Lerong Zhang1

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province.

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Summary

Transcription factor PU.1 drives neuroinflammation and pyroptosis after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Inhibiting PU.1 reduces inflammation and enhances microglial function, offering a potential TBI therapy.

Keywords:
MicrogliaPU.1Traumatic brain injuryneuroinflammationpyroptosis

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The role of transcription factor PU.1 in traumatic brain injury (TBI) pathogenesis is not fully understood.
  • Microglia play a critical role in neuroinflammation following TBI.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of PU.1 in microglial cells and its impact on neuroinflammation after TBI.
  • To explore PU.1 as a potential therapeutic target for TBI.

Main Methods:

  • Bioinformatic analysis of public sequencing data (GSE269748, GSE128543).
  • In vivo TBI mouse model (controlled cortical impact) and in vitro LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells.
  • Assessment of PU.1 inhibition using DB2313, employing RNA sequencing, RT-PCR, Western blot, immunofluorescence, scratch wound, and phagocytosis assays.

Main Results:

  • PU.1 expression was significantly increased in TBI-injured cortex and LPS-treated microglia.
  • DB2313-mediated PU.1 inhibition reduced M1 pro-inflammatory microglial polarization and inflammatory mediators.
  • PU.1 inhibition enhanced microglial phagocytosis and migration, while suppressing neuroinflammation via TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis.

Conclusions:

  • PU.1 is identified as a critical regulator of neuroinflammation and pyroptosis post-TBI.
  • Targeting PU.1 demonstrates therapeutic potential for mitigating microglial-driven inflammatory damage in TBI.
  • Inhibition of PU.1 may improve outcomes following traumatic brain injury.