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Bioinspired Bacteria-Induced CO2 Adsorption for In Situ Wood Mineralization.

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Summary

This study introduces a novel, eco-friendly flame retardant for wood using bacteria to precipitate calcium carbonate. The mineralized wood shows improved fire resistance and sequesters carbon dioxide, aligning with sustainability goals.

Keywords:
CO2 adsorptionbacterialflame retardantmineralizationwood

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biotechnology
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Wood's flammability limits its use despite being a sustainable material.
  • Current flame retardants often involve toxic chemicals or produce harmful byproducts.
  • Bioinspired solutions are needed for effective and eco-friendly wood modification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a facile, in situ method for flame-retardant wood using microbial calcium carbonate precipitation.
  • To investigate the flame-retardant properties and CO2 sequestration potential of mineralized wood.

Main Methods:

  • In situ growth of *Bacillus mucilaginosus* (B.m.) within the wood porous structure.
  • Utilizing bacterial carbonic anhydrase to capture atmospheric CO2 and induce CaCO3 deposition.
  • Characterization of mineralized wood using morphological and chemical analyses.

Main Results:

  • B.m. demonstrated excellent wettability and deep penetration into wood structures.
  • Formation of well-crystallized CaCO3 within wood cell lumens without altering appearance.
  • Significantly enhanced flame retardancy, including delayed decomposition, reduced heat release, and faster self-extinguishing.
  • Achieved CO2 sequestration through the mineralization process.

Conclusions:

  • Microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation offers a sustainable and effective flame-retardant modification for wood.
  • This waste-free, energy-efficient process enhances wood fire safety and contributes to CO2 sequestration.
  • The method holds broad potential for developing fire-safe wood products and supporting zero-waste initiatives.