Technology Roadmap of Bioinspired Computing Hardware

Area of Science:

• Cross-disciplinary research at the intersection of materials science, device physics, neuroscience, computer science, mathematics, and information science.

Background:

• Rapid artificial intelligence (AI) growth faces hardware bottlenecks in computation throughput and energy efficiency.
• Bioinspired computing (BIC) leverages biological system advantages like parallelism, adaptability, and robustness as a potential alternative.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive roadmap for the development of Bioinspired Computing (BIC) hardware.
• To analyze frontier issues, latest progress, and critical challenges in BIC hardware development.

Main Methods:

• Categorization of challenges into hardware foundations, architectures, and prototype realizations.
• Highlighting biological features inspiring BIC hardware design through device physics.
• Describing signaling rules and structural organizations in BIC architectures for computational prototypes.

Main Results:

• Discussion of performance metrics and engineering challenges for BIC hardware.
• Presentation of electronic and photonic BIC chip prototypes.
• A technological roadmap outlining opportunities for expanding BIC hardware functionality.

Conclusions:

• Interdisciplinary convergence is crucial for advancing BIC hardware.
• Coordinated advances in devices, architectures, and system demonstrations can accelerate the shift to high-efficiency AI hardware.