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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 31, 2026

Agrobacterium-Mediated Immature Embryo Transformation of Recalcitrant Maize Inbred Lines Using Morphogenic Genes

Agrobacterium-Mediated Immature Embryo Transformation of Recalcitrant Maize Inbred Lines Using Morphogenic Genes

Published on: February 14, 2020

Endosperm-specific overexpression of Opaque2 improves maize kernel texture.

Zan Wu¹, Tao Yang¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.

Plant Science : an International Journal of Experimental Plant Biology

|March 2, 2026

Summary

Overexpressing Opaque2 in maize endosperm improved kernel texture and nutrient quality. This genetic modification enhanced starch and protein synthesis, leading to denser kernels and better yield potential.

Keywords:

Endosperm Kernel texture Maize Nutrient quality Opaque2 Protein Starch

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Lignin Down-regulation of Zea mays via dsRNAi and Klason Lignin Analysis

Published on: July 23, 2014

Area of Science:

Plant Biology
Agricultural Science
Genetics

Background:

Kernel texture is vital for maize yield and quality.
The Opaque2 gene regulates starch and protein synthesis in maize endosperm.
Limited genes are identified for improving maize kernel texture.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate the effects of Opaque2 overexpression on maize kernel texture, yield, and nutrient quality.
Utilize endosperm-specific Opaque2 overexpression driven by the 27-kD γ zein promoter.

Main Methods:

Endosperm-specific overexpression of Opaque2 in maize.
Analysis of kernel texture, test weight, and 100-kernel weight.
Biochemical analysis of starch and protein content.
Transcriptomic analysis to understand regulatory mechanisms.

Main Results:

Opaque2 overexpression enhanced test weight and 100-kernel weight.
Improved kernel texture with increased vitreous endosperm regions observed.
Elevated starch content (amylose and amylopectin) and zein accumulation.
Denser and more tightly packed starch granules in overexpressed endosperms.
Transcriptomic data revealed Opaque2 positively regulates vitreous endosperm formation.

Conclusions:

Endosperm-specific Opaque2 overexpression improves maize kernel texture and nutrient quality.
This approach offers a novel strategy for maize breeding and texture enhancement.
Opaque2 plays a pivotal role in modulating starch-protein synthesis for improved kernel characteristics.