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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Diagnosis of Musculus Gastrocnemius Tightness - Key Factors for the Clinical Examination
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Exercise Therapy for Chronic Ankle Instability: Which Modality for Which Deficit? A Systematic Review and

Jia Sheng Xu1,2,3, Hui Juan Lin1,2,3, Zhi Kun Li4

  • 1University of Sports and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China.

Journal of Foot and Ankle Research
|March 2, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Balance training offers comprehensive benefits for chronic ankle instability (CAI), improving function and balance. Tailoring exercise interventions based on specific sensorimotor deficits can optimize rehabilitation outcomes for CAI patients.

Keywords:
ankle instabilityclinical frameworkexercise intervention

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics and Rehabilitation Science
  • Sports Medicine and Physical Therapy

Background:

  • Chronic ankle instability (CAI) presents with varied sensorimotor impairments.
  • Limited evidence exists comparing different exercise interventions for specific CAI deficits.
  • Personalized rehabilitation strategies for CAI are hindered by a lack of comparative data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and meta-analyze the efficacy of various exercise interventions for sensorimotor deficits in CAI.
  • To establish an evidence-based framework for prescribing exercise based on individual sensorimotor deficits in CAI.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
  • Searched 9 electronic databases up to September 1, 2025, for RCTs comparing exercise interventions against no intervention.
  • Assessed methodological quality using PEDro criteria and risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool 2.

Main Results:

  • Fifty-eight studies (n=2097) were included, with varying risk of bias.
  • Balance training significantly improved patient-reported function, dynamic balance, joint position sense, concentric strength, and functional performance.
  • Other modalities showed specific benefits (e.g., strength training for function and strength, 3D/stroboscopic/neuromuscular training for function and balance), but no intervention improved force sense or eccentric strength.

Conclusions:

  • Different exercise modalities demonstrate distinct efficacy profiles for sensorimotor deficits in CAI.
  • Balance training emerges as a foundational intervention for CAI.
  • A framework for deficit-specific exercise prescription can optimize CAI management.