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Measurement of Total Calcium in Neurons by Electron Probe X-ray Microanalysis
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MCC-135 Exerts Antiepileptic and Neuroprotective Effects by Downregulating NCX1 Expression to Decrease Intracellular

Chaoning Liu1, Min He1, Rida Li1

  • 1Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.

CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics
|March 3, 2026
PubMed
Summary

The drug MCC-135 shows promise for treating epilepsy by reducing NCX1 expression, which lowers calcium overload and glutamate levels in the brain. This study reveals MCC-135

Keywords:
MCC‐135NCX1calcium overloadepilepsyglutamate release

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pharmacology
  • Epilepsy Research

Background:

  • Epilepsy affects 30% of patients resistant to standard treatments, necessitating new therapeutic targets.
  • Intracellular calcium dysregulation in astrocytes and neurons is linked to epilepsy.
  • MCC-135's antiseizure potential is noted, but its mechanism in epilepsy is unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify MCC-135's molecular targets for epilepsy treatment using computational and experimental methods.
  • To validate MCC-135's therapeutic effects and mechanisms in an epilepsy mouse model.

Main Methods:

  • Single-cell analysis and molecular docking were used to identify MCC-135 targets.
  • A kainic acid (KA)-induced epileptic mouse model was employed for validation.
  • Immunofluorescence staining assessed NCX1 co-localization in astrocytes and neurons.

Main Results:

  • NCX1 expression was upregulated in the hippocampus of KA-induced epileptic mice.
  • MCC-135 treatment increased seizure latency and reduced hippocampal damage.
  • MCC-135 decreased NCX1 expression, calcium overload, and glutamate levels.

Conclusions:

  • MCC-135 demonstrates neuroprotective and antiseizure effects by downregulating NCX1.
  • The drug alleviates hippocampal calcium overload and glutamate levels.
  • This study is the first to elucidate MCC-135's mechanism in epilepsy, offering new therapeutic insights.