Aspergillus conicus Endophyte Improves the Development of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Seedlings In Vitro

Area of Science:

• Mycology
• Plant Pathology
• Forestry

Background:

• Fungi in the Aspergillus genus are known to promote plant growth, nutrient uptake, and stress tolerance.
• Eucalyptus camaldulensis is a valuable and resilient forest species widely cultivated in Brazil.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the symbiotic relationship between Aspergillus conicus and Eucalyptus camaldulensis seedlings.
• To evaluate the impact of this fungal endophyte on plant growth, development, and stress resistance.

Main Methods:

• Aspergillus conicus was identified as an endophyte in Eucalyptus camaldulensis seeds.
• Seedlings were inoculated with A. conicus and grown in Murashige and Skoog medium.
• Seed germination rates were assessed after immersion in fungal filtrate.
• Fungal colonization in plant tissues was analyzed.

Main Results:

• Inoculated seedlings exhibited accelerated development, increased shoot growth, more leaves, and greater biomass compared to controls.
• Seeds treated with A. conicus filtrate showed reduced contamination and higher germination rates.
• A. conicus was confirmed as an endophytic fungus, colonizing roots, stems, and leaves.
• Indole acetic acid production by the fungus was below detection limits.

Conclusions:

• Aspergillus conicus acts as a beneficial endophyte for Eucalyptus camaldulensis.
• This symbiosis significantly enhances seedling growth, biomass, and germination.
• The findings highlight the potential of A. conicus in promoting forest species development and resilience.