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Comparative Study on the Effect of Vitamin D Deficiency on Platelet Indices in COVID-19 and Hepatitis C Patients; an

Mohammad Motaghi1, Kazem Ghaffari2,3,4, Mahroo Mansori1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Hematology Semnan University of Medical Sciences Semnan Iran.

Health Science Reports
|March 3, 2026
PubMed

Insights

COVID-19 patients exhibit lower vitamin D levels and altered platelet parameters compared to Hepatitis C Virus patients. These findings suggest vitamin D deficiency may exacerbate inflammation and thrombosis risk in COVID-19.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Hematology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Limited evidence links vitamin D to platelet parameters in COVID-19 and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infections.
  • Investigating this association is crucial given vitamin D's role in immunity and potential impact on thrombotic complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and platelet indices in patients with COVID-19 and chronic HCV.
  • To compare platelet parameters and inflammatory markers between COVID-19 and HCV patients with varying vitamin D statuses.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study involving 113 COVID-19 patients and 97 chronic HCV patients.
  • Participants were categorized into vitamin D deficient and non-deficient subgroups.
  • Statistical analysis included chi-square or Fisher exact tests.

Main Results:

  • COVID-19 patients had significantly lower vitamin D levels than HCV patients (p < 0.001).
  • COVID-19 patients showed lower platelet counts and higher MPV, PDW, and inflammatory markers (PLR, MPR, MLR).
  • A negative correlation between vitamin D and MPV was observed in both groups (p < 0.001), with more pronounced changes in vitamin D-deficient COVID-19 patients.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 is associated with lower vitamin D, reduced platelet counts, and increased platelet activation compared to HCV.
  • These alterations may contribute to the heightened inflammatory response and thrombotic complications observed in COVID-19.
  • Vitamin D status appears to influence the severity of platelet and inflammatory changes in infectious diseases.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID‐19HCVMPVplatelet countsvitamin D

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