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FGF5 Allelic Heterogeneity in Long-Haired Belgian Shepherd Dogs.

Marcela Bielikova1,2, Evelina Hrckova Turnova3, Viktoria Kostal2

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.

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The long-haired Belgian Shepherd

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Area of Science:

  • Canine genetics
  • Molecular biology
  • Animal breeding

Background:

  • The Belgian Shepherd dog breed exhibits coat variations, with hair length influenced by the FGF5 gene.
  • The long-hair phenotype in Belgian Shepherds was previously associated with the l1 FGF5 allele.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the genetic basis of long hair in Belgian Shepherds.
  • To identify novel FGF5 alleles contributing to coat type in this breed.
  • To explore the evolutionary history and breed distribution of identified alleles.

Main Methods:

  • DNA sequencing of a long-haired Malinois.
  • Genotyping of archival DNA samples (n=240) from Belgian Shepherds.
  • Comparative analysis of FGF5 allele distribution across breeds.

Main Results:

  • Compound heterozygosity for l1 and l4 FGF5 alleles was identified in a long-haired Malinois.
  • The l4 FGF5 allele was detected in Malinois and Tervueren varieties.
  • This allele was previously reported only in Afghan Hounds and Eurasiers.

Conclusions:

  • The l4 FGF5 allele is present in Belgian Shepherd populations, suggesting historical introgression or shared ancestry.
  • This finding expands the known breed distribution of the l4 allele.
  • Results have implications for genetic testing and breeding strategies in Belgian Shepherds.