Risk factors for death by COVID-19, public hospital in Ciudad Juárez, México

On March 11, 2020, a COVID-19 pandemic was declared for a novel coronavirus named SARS-CoV-2 virus. This virus induces a severe inflammatory response, producing death in patients with COVID-19 disease, in México, in 2021, COVID-19 mortality becomes the second cause of death, with higher mortality in persons with previous conditions like chronic non-communicable diseases.

To identify the risk factors associated with deaths in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 from January 1 to December 31, 2021, hospitalized in a clinic of IMSS in Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, México.

An observational, cross-sectional, analytical study was used. Information from patients with confirmed diagnostic of COVID-19 was collected from the SINOLAVE platform and medical records. To identify risk factors, univariate and multivariate logistic regression was used.

A total of 277 patients were included, 51.62% were male, the rest were female. Death from COVID-19 were associated with age (OR: 1.03; 95%CI: 1.01 - 1.06, p ≤ 0.001), chronic kidney disease (OR: 3.20; 95%CI: 1.58 - 6.48, p ≤ 0.001) chronic neurological diseases (OR: 5.27; 95%CI: 1.30 - 20.03, p ≤ 0.05), and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (OR: 12.24; 95%CI: 1.44 - 103.82, p ≤ 0.05); the proportion of death by sex were similar in the study.

Age, chronic kidney disease, chronic neurological disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases were associated with death in patients with COVID-19. It's important to prevent and control chronic non-communicable diseases; the distribution was similar in both sexes.