Digital Technologies That Support Meaningful Connections in Care Homes: Scoping Review

Meaningful connections in which people feel valued, seen, and heard are essential for social health and well-being. However, individual, systemic, and structural barriers exist within care homes that exacerbate risks for social isolation in this population. Leveraging digital technology to promote meaningful connections has the potential to affect positive health outcomes; however, the evidence base within the care home environment is not clear.

This scoping review aimed to identify how digital technologies are used in long-term care settings to facilitate meaningful connections.

Following Joanna Briggs Institute and PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) reporting guidelines, 6 online databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus, IEEE Explore, and ACM) were searched on December 12, 2025. Studies were included if they were published in English; included care home residents, relatives, or staff; and directly discussed the application of a digital technology that focused on building meaningful connections. No date limiters were applied. Gray literature was searched through Google Scholar and conference proceedings, and forward and backward citation searching was also undertaken. Papers were managed in Covidence and reviewed against inclusion criteria by 3 reviewers (DM, RB, and KC). Results were presented using tabular, graphical, and narrative summaries to describe how the findings relate to the review objectives.

In total, 72 studies were included. More than half of the studies were published since 2022 (38/72, 53%). Australia (15/72, 21%) and the Netherlands (12/72, 17%) had the highest frequency of publications. Technologies including robotics, virtual reality, mobile or tablet apps, digital devices, and online programs have been used in care homes. Factors underpinning the development of meaningful connections include getting to know the person, increases autonomy and choice, source of enjoyment and fun, facilitates communication, and builds community. Engagement, well-being or satisfaction, emotional response, quality of life, purpose and meaning, social closeness, loneliness, depression and anxiety, and psychosocial capacity were the main indicators of meaningful connections. Limitations include English-language restriction, potential missed studies on social connection, exclusion of passive technologies, and heterogeneous outcome measures.

This review is the first to explore how digital technologies are applied in care homes to facilitate meaningful connections and identify how digital technology is a catalyst for meaningful human connection rather than a replacement. The application of generative artificial intelligence technology is currently a gap in the evidence base and needs to be considered in conjunction with key stakeholders to ensure that future developments meet the social needs of the entire community. Future research needs to consider how new evaluation metrics can be developed that combine digital engagement data with validated measures of meaningful connection to assess the person-centered impact of generative artificial intelligence technologies in care homes.