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Electrospun Fibrous Scaffolds of Poly(glycerol-dodecanedioate) for Engineering Neural Tissues From Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells
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Bioengineered polycaprolactone nanofibers co-loaded with RGD and asiatic acid for dentin-pulp regeneration.

Karthikeyan Kandaswamy1, Ajay Guru2, Shalini Kapoor3

  • 1Nano-Bioproduct Research Lab (NBRL), Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamilnadu 600 077, India.

Dental Materials : Official Publication of the Academy of Dental Materials
|March 3, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a novel nanofibrous membrane using polycaprolactone (PCL) with Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) and Asiatic acid (AA) for dental pulp regeneration. The biomimetic scaffold promotes dentin remineralization and enhances cell activity, showing promise for restorative dentistry.

Keywords:
Asiatic acidNanofibersPulp regenerationRemineralization

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Published on: January 12, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Dental Research

Background:

  • Regenerating the pulp-dentin complex is a significant challenge in restorative dentistry.
  • Biomimetic nanofibrous membranes offer a promising strategy for tissue regeneration by acting as scaffolds.
  • These scaffolds support cell infiltration, vascularization, and dentin bridge formation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize polycaprolactone (PCL) nanofibers incorporating Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptides and Asiatic acid (AA).
  • To evaluate the potential of these RGD and AA co-loaded PCL nanofibers as a bioactive scaffold for dentin-pulp complex regeneration.
  • To assess the scaffold's biocompatibility, antibacterial activity, and ability to promote dentin remineralization and odontogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Nanofibers were fabricated using electrospinning with RGD and AA integrated into a PCL matrix.
  • Scaffolds were characterized for morphology (SEM), chemical interactions (FTIR), and surface wettability (contact angle).
  • Biocompatibility (MTT assay), cell migration (scratch assay), gene expression (qPCR), dentin remineralization (micro-CT, microhardness), and antibacterial activity (E. faecalis inhibition) were assessed using dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs).

Main Results:

  • The RGD and AA co-loaded PCL nanofibers demonstrated good mechanical strength (7.18 MPa) and thermal stability.
  • Effective inhibition of E. faecalis (77.11%) was observed without compromising DPSC viability.
  • Significant mineral density recovery (76.21%) and a 3.9-fold increase in microhardness were achieved, alongside upregulated expression of odontogenic (DSPP, DMP1) and angiogenic (VEGF) markers.

Conclusions:

  • The developed RGD and AA co-loaded PCL nanofibrous membrane shows excellent biocompatibility and antibacterial properties.
  • The scaffold effectively promotes dentin remineralization and odontogenic gene expression.
  • This biomimetic membrane holds significant potential as a scaffold for dentin-pulp complex regeneration in restorative dentistry.