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Region-Adaptive Null Subtraction Imaging Using Generalized Coherence Factor for Coherent Plane Wave Compounding.

Yijun Xu1, Yaoting Yue2, Hao Wang1

  • 1Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Ultrasonic Imaging
|March 3, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Region-adaptive null subtraction imaging (raNSI) enhances ultrafast ultrasound images by adapting the DC offset. This novel approach improves contrast, resolution, and speckle quality without compromising image integrity.

Keywords:
adaptive beamformingcoherent plane wave compoundinggeneralized coherence factornull subtraction imagingultrasound imaging

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Area of Science:

  • Ultrasound Imaging
  • Medical Imaging
  • Signal Processing

Background:

  • Coherent plane wave compounding (CPWC) is standard for ultrafast ultrasound but suffers from limited image quality due to unfocused beams.
  • Null subtraction imaging (NSI) offers improvements but faces a trade-off between contrast, resolution, and speckle quality due to a fixed DC offset.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce region-adaptive null subtraction imaging (raNSI) to overcome the limitations of fixed offsets in NSI.
  • To improve image contrast, resolution, and speckle quality in ultrafast ultrasound imaging.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a modified generalized coherence factor (GCF) to identify distinct image regions.
  • Applied region-specific DC offsets and employed neighborhood statistics-based cleaning (NSBC) to refine offset selection.
  • Validated raNSI using simulated, experimental phantom, and in vivo datasets.

Main Results:

  • raNSI significantly improved contrast ratio (CR) by 57.94 dB, speckle signal-to-noise ratio (sSNR) by 0.19, and contrast-to-noise ratio (gCNR) by 0.0327 compared to NSI.
  • Achieved a 6.9% enhancement in lateral resolution while preserving the speckle pattern, confirmed by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test.
  • Demonstrated potential to reduce the number of required plane waves by a factor of five.

Conclusions:

  • raNSI effectively balances high resolution and contrast while maintaining speckle pattern integrity in ultrafast ultrasound.
  • The proposed method offers a significant advancement over traditional NSI, enabling higher quality imaging with potentially fewer data acquisitions.