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Updated: Jun 21, 2026
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Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Published on: February 13, 2021
A contemporary review on heart failure with improved ejection fraction
Allison Weiss1, Ambre Flowers1, Scott D Eisenberg1
1Department of Internal Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
NPJ Cardiovascular Health
|March 3, 2026
Summary
Heart failure with improved ejection fraction (HF-iEF) signifies a better prognosis. This review details HF-iEF
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Heart failure (HF) is a complex clinical syndrome with diverse etiologies impacting cardiac output and pressures.
- Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is a critical prognostic indicator in HF classification.
- Advances in therapies, devices, and secondary cause management have improved HF outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define and explore the characteristics of heart failure with improved ejection fraction (HF-iEF).
- To review the clinical significance and prognostic implications of HF-iEF.
- To outline current management strategies for patients with HF-iEF.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent studies and clinical guidelines.
- Analysis of prognostic data related to LVEF changes in heart failure patients.
- Synthesis of evidence on therapeutic approaches for HF-iEF.
Main Results:
- Heart failure with improved ejection fraction (HF-iEF) is identified as a distinct clinical entity.
- Patients with HF-iEF demonstrate a more favorable prognosis compared to those with persistently low LVEF.
- Specific etiologies and clinical trajectories are associated with LVEF improvement.
Conclusions:
- HF-iEF represents a significant subgroup of heart failure patients with improved outcomes.
- Understanding the definition, causes, and clinical significance of HF-iEF is crucial for tailored management.
- Further research into optimizing treatment for HF-iEF is warranted.
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