Risk factors, pathologies and control of gut-dwelling roundworms in chickens

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Parasitology
• Poultry Health Management
• Zoonotic Disease Research

Background:

• Nematode infections significantly impact backyard chicken health and productivity.
• Prevalence and risk factors for nematode infections in domestic chickens require thorough investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess risk factors associated with pathological changes in nematode-infected chickens.
• To evaluate the efficacy of mebendazole and its derivatives against nematode infections.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of 456 chicken fecal samples using direct smear, flotation, and sedimentation techniques.
• Histopathological examination of infected chickens.
• Anthelmintic trial with mebendazole and a derivative on sixty infected chickens.

Main Results:

• Overall infection rate of 72%, with *Ascaridia galli* being the most prevalent species.
• Higher infection rates observed during the wet season, in females, young, weak chickens, free-range systems, and non-dewormed flocks.
• Significant pathological changes including hemorrhagic enteritis and villous atrophy were noted.
• Both mebendazole and its derivative significantly reduced parasite egg counts, with the derivative being more effective.

Conclusions:

• Nematode infections present substantial health and economic challenges in poultry.
• Age, gender, body condition, and management type are significant risk factors.
• Improved management, sanitation, and regular deworming are crucial for controlling nematode infections in domestic chickens.