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Related Concept Videos

Solvents01:12

Solvents

58.5K
A solvent is a substance, most often a liquid, that can dissolve other substances. Here, the substance being dissolved is called a solute. When a solvent and a solute combine, they form a solution - a homogenous mixture of both the solvent and the solute. Water is a universal biological solvent. Its polar structure allows it to dissolve many other polar compounds. The ability of water to dissolve is governed by a balance between water molecules binding to each other and binding to the solute.
A...
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Ethers from Alcohols: Alcohol Dehydration and Williamson Ether Synthesis02:29

Ethers from Alcohols: Alcohol Dehydration and Williamson Ether Synthesis

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Overview
Ethers can be prepared from organic compounds by various methods. Some of them are discussed below,
Preparation of Ethers by Alcohol Dehydration
In this method, in the presence of protic acids, alcohol dehydrates to produce alkenes and ethers under different conditions. For example, in the presence of sulphuric acid, dehydration of ethanol at 413 K yields ethoxyethane, whereas it yields ethene at 443 K.
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Preparation of Alcohols via Substitution Reactions01:38

Preparation of Alcohols via Substitution Reactions

6.5K
Overview
Alcohols can be synthesized from alkyl halides via nucleophilic substitution reactions. The highly polar carbon-halogen bond in the substrate makes halide a good leaving group. The hydroxide ion or water can act as a nucleophile to take the place of halide and form an alcohol. The substitution reactions occur via two different reaction pathways, SN1 or SN2, depending on the nature of carbon attached to the halide.
Primary alcohols are synthesized from primary alkyl halides, and the...
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Mass Spectrometry: Alcohol Fragmentation01:03

Mass Spectrometry: Alcohol Fragmentation

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Alcohols (R-OH) ionize to lose one non-bonded electron from the oxygen atom, forming molecular ions. Due to their tendency to fragment rapidly, the intensity of the molecular ion peak in the mass spectrum is weak or sometimes absent. The fragmentation patterns for alcohols occur in two ways, i.e. ⍺-cleavage and dehydration. During ⍺-cleavage, the bond at the ⍺-position adjacent to the hydroxyl group cleaves to give a resonance-stabilized cation and a radical. However,...
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Size-Exclusion Chromatography01:08

Size-Exclusion Chromatography

2.8K
In size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), also known as molecular-exclusion or gel-permeation chromatography, molecules are separated based on their sizes. This technique is important for separating large molecules such as polymers and biomolecules. The two classes of micron-sized stationary phases encountered in SEC are silica particles and cross-linked polymer resin beads. Both materials are porous, but their pore sizes vary significantly.
Silica particles offer advantages such as rigidity,...
2.8K
Supercritical Fluid Chromatography01:18

Supercritical Fluid Chromatography

1.5K
Supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) provides a beneficial substitute for gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC) for certain samples because it merges the top attributes of both techniques. SFC allows the separation and analysis of compounds that GC or LC does not easily manage. These compounds are traditionally nonvolatile or thermally unstable, making GC unsuitable and lacking functional groups required for HPLC analysis.
SFC utilizes a supercritical fluid mobile phase,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Separation of Aldehydes and Reactive Ketones from Mixtures Using a Bisulfite Extraction Protocol
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Silver-Based Alcohol-Functionalized Solvent for Efficient Separation of Olefins.

Hongwei Kang1, Guojia Yu2, Jingyi Xu1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China.

Chem & Bio Engineering
|March 4, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed novel silver-based solvents for efficient alkane/olefin separation. These alcohol-functionalized solvents utilize π-π* coordination and salt effects for highly selective extraction of olefins like cyclohexene and 1-hexene.

Keywords:
Ag-based alcohol-functionalized solventcoordination complexationextractionolefinsalt effect

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Area of Science:

  • Chemical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Separation Science

Background:

  • Alkanes and olefins are crucial chemical feedstocks, but their separation is challenging due to similar properties.
  • Efficient separation of olefins from alkanes is vital for the petrochemical industry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and synthesize novel silver-based alcohol-functionalized solvents.
  • To achieve efficient and highly selective separation of cyclohexene from cyclohexane.
  • To evaluate the performance of these solvents in alkane/olefin separation systems.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of silver-based solvents using 1,2-propanediol (1,2-PG) as a ligand and tetrafluoroborate (BF4-) as an anion.
  • Utilizing π-π* coordination between Ag+ and olefin double bonds.
  • Leveraging the salt effect to enhance separation efficiency.
  • Testing the solvents in cyclohexene/cyclohexane and 1-hexene/n-hexane systems.

Main Results:

  • The developed silver-based solvents demonstrated high selectivity and extraction capacity for cyclohexene and 1-hexene.
  • Optimal conditions yielded a cyclohexene distribution coefficient of 5.456 and selectivity of 1362.
  • Single-stage extraction rate for cyclohexene reached 94.24%.
  • The solvent system showed excellent performance in the 1-hexene/n-hexane system with a distribution coefficient of 6.733 and selectivity of 647.4.

Conclusions:

  • Silver-based alcohol-functionalized solvents offer a highly efficient and robust method for alkane/olefin separation.
  • The synergistic effect of π-π* coordination and salt effect is key to the enhanced performance.
  • These environmentally benign solvents present a promising alternative to existing separation technologies.