Implementing cancer prevention strategies in India: progress, persistent challenges and future directions
Jitendra Kumar Meena1,2,3, Kavita Yadav4,3, Ravi Mehrotra5
1National Cancer Institute (NCI), Jhajjar, Haryana 124105, India.
Ecancermedicalscience
|March 4, 2026
Summary
Cancer prevention and control in India is crucial due to rising health burdens. While some progress exists, implementation challenges limit the effectiveness of cancer control strategies.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Oncology
- Health Systems Research
Background:
- Cancer represents a significant and escalating global health crisis, particularly impacting developing nations like India.
- The high incidence of preventable cancers in India, linked to tobacco use and lifestyle factors, necessitates a strategic focus on prevention and control.
Purpose of the Study:
- To critically review the current state of cancer prevention and control services in India.
- To identify key achievements, challenges, and potential threats affecting cancer control progress in the country.
Main Methods:
- This study employed a narrative review methodology.
- It critically assessed existing literature and data on cancer prevention and control initiatives in India.
Main Results:
- India's National Programme for Prevention and Control of Non-Communicable Diseases has initiated cancer screening and expanded cancer centers, but with limited success.
- Implementation delays, insufficient technical capacity, and resource constraints hinder the effectiveness of preventive services.
- Progress has been noted in cancer registry networks, tobacco control legislation, and the National Cancer Grid.
Conclusions:
- Despite notable achievements, a consolidated and strategically implemented plan is needed to address India's projected increase in cancer burden.
- Investment in comprehensive cancer prevention and control is imperative, focusing on public health approaches like tobacco control and HPV vaccination.
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