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Vaccines are among the most effective tools in preventive medicine, designed to prepare the immune system to recognize and combat infectious agents. By introducing antigens—substances that the immune system identifies as foreign—vaccines stimulate an adaptive immune response that leads to immunological memory. This immunological memory enables the body to mount a faster and more effective response upon future exposures to the actual pathogen.Vaccines can be categorized based on the...
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Epitope-Based Multimeric Subunit Vaccine (ATOMSSUISpenta) Confers Broad Protection Against Streptococcus suis

Sun-Young Kim1,2, Fengjia Chen1, Woo-Sik Kim3

  • 1Cyclotron Applied Research Section, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea.

The Journal of Infectious Diseases
|March 4, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel Streptococcus suis (S. suis) vaccine, ATOMSSUISpenta, was developed using computational design and shows promise for broad protection against this zoonotic pathogen in mice.

Keywords:
Streptococcus suiscross-serotype immunityepitope-based designimmunogenicityprotein subunit vaccine

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary immunology
  • Vaccine development
  • Microbial pathogenesis

Background:

  • Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is a significant zoonotic pathogen causing economic losses in swine and severe human infections.
  • High variability in S. suis serotypes and genomic diversity impede cross-protective vaccine development.
  • Integrating computational design with empirical validation is crucial for effective vaccine strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and evaluate a novel multimeric subunit vaccine (ATOMSSUISpenta) against Streptococcus suis.
  • To assess the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of ATOMSSUISpenta in a mouse model.
  • To explore the potential for broader cross-serotype immunity against S. suis.

Main Methods:

  • In silico design strategy to assemble epitope-rich domains from five S. suis antigens.
  • Optimization of the vaccine construct (ATOMSSUISpenta) for immunogenicity, solubility, and allergenicity.
  • Evaluation of vaccine efficacy in mice, including antibody profiling, cellular immunity analysis, and in vivo protection studies.

Main Results:

  • ATOMSSUISpenta induced strong antigen-specific antibody responses and robust Th1/Th17 cellular immunity in mice.
  • The vaccine conferred significant protection against S. suis serotype 2 infection.
  • ATOMSSUISpenta demonstrated opsonic antibody activity against S. suis serotypes 4 and 9.

Conclusions:

  • ATOMSSUISpenta shows potential as a subunit vaccine for broader protection against Streptococcus suis.
  • Epitope-based multimeric design is an effective strategy for targeting antigenically diverse Gram-positive pathogens.
  • This approach validates the integration of computational design and empirical testing in vaccine development.