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Stretchable, Self-Healing, and Highly Stable Conductive Fiber Based on Bio-Based PLA-Diol for Wearable Biosensing.

Yuying Zhang1, Yuteng Lei1, Lehao Pan1

  • 1College of Textile and Clothing, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Collaborative Innovation Center for Eco-Textiles of Shandong Province, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266101, Shandong, China.

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Summary

We developed a novel self-healing conductive fiber from bio-based materials for smart textiles. This advanced material offers excellent stretchability, conductivity, and recyclability, paving the way for next-generation wearable biosensors.

Keywords:
PLA-diol-based polyurethanePLA-diol/MWCNT nanoconductive fluidenvironmental friendlinesshigh stabilityviscoelastic

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Science
  • Textile Engineering

Background:

  • Smart wearable biosensors require advanced functional materials with improved mechanical, electrical, and environmental properties.
  • Existing materials often face limitations in sustainability, cost, and scalability.
  • There is a growing need for high-performance, eco-friendly materials for wearable electronics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel bio-based conductive fluid and fabricate a stretchable conductive fiber for advanced wearable textile biosensors.
  • To enhance material properties such as self-healing, ductility, conductivity, and environmental sustainability.
  • To evaluate the performance of the fabricated fiber in physiological signal monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a poly(lactic acid diol) (PLA-diol)/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanoconductive fluid (PC-NCF).
  • Coaxial wet spinning to create a core-shell stretchable conductive fiber (PPCF) with a PC-NCF core and PLA-diol-based polyurethane (PLAU) shell.
  • Characterization of mechanical properties (ductility, plasticity, stretchability), electrical conductivity, cyclic stability, and cryogenic adaptability.
  • Testing of the PPCF for conformal skin adhesion and real-time physiological signal monitoring.

Main Results:

  • The PC-NCF demonstrated liquid-metal-like self-healing, ductility, and low-temperature processability.
  • The fabricated PPCF exhibited excellent electrical conductivity (3 S/m at 200% strain) and robust cyclic stability (8000 cycles at 100% strain).
  • The fiber showed high gauge factor (GF=10.62 at 200-300% strain), cryogenic adaptability (-10 °C), and closed-loop recyclability.
  • The PPCF successfully monitored dynamic physiological signals with conformal skin adhesion.

Conclusions:

  • The developed bio-based conductive fiber offers a unique combination of self-healing, stretchability, conductivity, and environmental sustainability.
  • The material's performance in mechanical and electrical properties, along with its recyclability, makes it suitable for demanding wearable applications.
  • The PPCF holds significant potential as a high-performance flexible bioelectronic sensor for next-generation smart wearable textiles.