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Published on: April 8, 2018
MXene-Enhanced PVDF/Nafion Piezoionic-Electronic Films for High-Performance Self-Polarized Piezoelectric Sensors
Xu Wang1, Qiansheng Qiu2, Sheng Li3
1School of Mechanical Engineering and Rail Transit, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China.
Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|March 4, 2026
Summary
This study introduces a novel MXene-enhanced film for flexible pressure sensors. The new material significantly boosts piezoelectric performance, enabling efficient energy harvesting and human movement tracking for wearable devices.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Energy Harvesting
Background:
- Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is crucial for piezoelectric sensors but requires specific polarization.
- Piezoionic-electronic architectures integrate PVDF with materials like Nafion for stress-induced polarization.
- Enhancing PVDF piezoelectric properties remains a key challenge for advanced sensor applications.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop an MXene-based strategy for enhancing the piezoelectric properties of PVDF/Nafion films.
- To investigate the multifunctional role of MXene in improving piezoionic-electronic sensor performance.
- To demonstrate the practical applications of the enhanced film in energy harvesting and sensing.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of a trilayered PVDF/Nafion-MXene/PVDF (PNMP) film using hot-pressing.
- Induction of self-polarization in PVDF via mechanical bending.
- Characterization of the film's piezoelectric properties, pressure-sensing range, sensitivity, response time, and durability.
Main Results:
- The PNMP film demonstrated superior piezoelectric properties due to MXene's role in proton transport, electron channeling, charge accumulation, and promoting the PVDF β-phase.
- The fabricated sensor achieved a wide pressure-sensing range (4.7–867.0 kPa), high sensitivity (64.5 mV/kPa), rapid response (0.5 ms), and high power density (660 mW/m²).
- Exceptional operational durability (200,000 strikes) and successful demonstrations in powering LEDs, energy harvesting, and human movement tracking were achieved.
Conclusions:
- MXene significantly enhances the piezoelectric performance of PVDF/Nafion films by optimizing charge transport and phase formation.
- The PNMP film shows great potential for next-generation wearable technologies, energy harvesting devices, and precise mass sensing applications.
- This work provides valuable insights for designing advanced piezoionic-electronic piezoelectric systems.
