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Beyond the First Infection: Exploring Recurrence in Pediatric Acinetobacter Cases.
Metehan Yaşar Tekin1, Saliha Kanik-Yüksek2, Belgin Gülhan3
1From the Department of Pediatrics.
The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|March 4, 2026
Summary
Recurrent Acinetobacter infections (AIs) in children lead to longer hospital stays and higher mortality. Identifying at-risk pediatric patients with underlying conditions is crucial for better management and improved outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Clinical Microbiology
- Hospital Epidemiology
Background:
- Recurrent Acinetobacter infections (AIs) present significant therapeutic challenges and increase healthcare costs.
- Data on recurrent pediatric AIs are limited, necessitating characterization for effective management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define the clinical and microbiological characteristics of recurrent Acinetobacter infections in pediatric patients.
- To identify risk factors associated with recurrent AIs and their impact on outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of pediatric patients (0-18 years) hospitalized with confirmed AI between 2019-2024.
- Definition of recurrent AI: new episode within 90 days post-recovery with negative cultures.
- Analysis of clinical, microbiological, laboratory data, treatments, and outcomes.
Main Results:
- 15.3% of 150 pediatric AI patients developed recurrent infections, linked to port-catheter and bloodstream infections.
- Recurrent AI was associated with longer hospital stays and increased mortality (47.8% vs. 34.7% overall).
- Multidrug- or extensively drug-resistant isolates were common (66.7%); risk factors for mortality included ICU admission and specific lab findings.
Conclusions:
- Recurrent pediatric AIs significantly increase hospitalization duration and mortality risk.
- Identifying high-risk pediatric patients, especially those with comorbidities and critical illness, is vital.
- Enhanced monitoring and targeted interventions are essential for improving outcomes in recurrent pediatric AI cases.
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