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Beyond the First Infection: Exploring Recurrence in Pediatric Acinetobacter Cases

Metehan Yaşar Tekin1, Saliha Kanik-Yüksek2, Belgin Gülhan3

  • 1From the Department of Pediatrics.

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|March 4, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Recurrent Acinetobacter infections (AIs) in children lead to longer hospital stays and higher mortality. Identifying at-risk pediatric patients with underlying conditions is crucial for better management and improved outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Microbiology
  • Hospital Epidemiology

Background:

  • Recurrent Acinetobacter infections (AIs) present significant therapeutic challenges and increase healthcare costs.
  • Data on recurrent pediatric AIs are limited, necessitating characterization for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define the clinical and microbiological characteristics of recurrent Acinetobacter infections in pediatric patients.
  • To identify risk factors associated with recurrent AIs and their impact on outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of pediatric patients (0-18 years) hospitalized with confirmed AI between 2019-2024.
  • Definition of recurrent AI: new episode within 90 days post-recovery with negative cultures.
  • Analysis of clinical, microbiological, laboratory data, treatments, and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • 15.3% of 150 pediatric AI patients developed recurrent infections, linked to port-catheter and bloodstream infections.
  • Recurrent AI was associated with longer hospital stays and increased mortality (47.8% vs. 34.7% overall).
  • Multidrug- or extensively drug-resistant isolates were common (66.7%); risk factors for mortality included ICU admission and specific lab findings.

Conclusions:

  • Recurrent pediatric AIs significantly increase hospitalization duration and mortality risk.
  • Identifying high-risk pediatric patients, especially those with comorbidities and critical illness, is vital.
  • Enhanced monitoring and targeted interventions are essential for improving outcomes in recurrent pediatric AI cases.
Abstract

Keywords:
mortalitymultidrug resistancepediatric infectionsrecurrent infectionrisk factors

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