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The genitourinary system is critical to maintaining fluid balance, waste elimination, and reproductive function. Nurses play a vital role in assessing this system, beginning with a thorough health history. This process involves gathering patient information, identifying risk factors, and recognizing symptoms of genitourinary disorders. Early detection is vital for timely interventions and management.1. Gathering Patient InformationA complete health history includes the patient’s personal,...
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IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 6, 2026

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Exploring Patient Perspectives on Upper Tract Urothelial Cancer: A Qualitative Interview Study.

Dina Filipenko1, Michael Acquadro2, Ola Ghatnekar3

  • 1PPD Evidera Patient-Centered Research, Thermo Fisher Scientific, The Ark, 201 Talgarth Road, London, W6 8BJ, UK. Dina.Filipenko@thermofisher.com.

Oncology and Therapy
|March 4, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study developed a conceptual disease model for upper tract urothelial cancer (UTUC) based on patient experiences. It identified key symptoms and impacts, revealing unmet needs in UTUC care.

Keywords:
Conceptual disease modelDisease burdenEmotional well-beingHealth-related quality of lifePatient experience dataQualitative interviewsSymptomsUTUC

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Urology
  • Patient-Reported Outcomes

Background:

  • Limited patient data exists on upper tract urothelial cancer (UTUC) symptoms and impacts.
  • Understanding patient experiences is crucial for effective UTUC management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a conceptual disease model (CDM) for UTUC grounded in patient experiences.
  • To identify and capture UTUC-specific symptoms and impacts across the treatment continuum.

Main Methods:

  • A targeted literature review informed interview guide development.
  • Qualitative concept elicitation interviews were conducted with 15 UTUC patients.
  • Thematic analysis of interview transcripts and literature synthesis were used to develop the CDM.

Main Results:

  • Patients reported 22 symptoms, with "blood in urine" and "fatigue" being most common pre-treatment, and "fatigue" and "pain" post-treatment.
  • UTUC and its treatment significantly impacted emotional well-being, daily activities, relationships, and social functioning.
  • A comprehensive CDM was developed, detailing symptoms and impacts for both low- and high-grade UTUC.

Conclusions:

  • This study highlights a wide spectrum of UTUC symptoms and treatment impacts, underscoring unmet patient needs.
  • Findings provide a qualitative basis for selecting clinical trial endpoints and improving patient-centered UTUC care strategies.