Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 6, 2026

Author Spotlight: Assessing the Cardiovascular Profile of Patients with Metabolic Syndrome
Published on: September 27, 2024
Gender disparities in the association between racism and cardiometabolic multimorbidity in Brazil: the Pró-Saúde
Nayranne Hivina Carvalho Tavares1, Larissa Fortunato Araújo2, Lidyane V Camelo2
1Departamento de Saúde Comunitária, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará. R. Alexandre Baraúna 949, Rodolfo Teófilo. 60430-160 Fortaleza CE Brasil. efaerstein@gmail.com.
Abstract:
This study aimed to investigate the association between racism and cardiometabolic multimorbidity and explore whether gender can modify this association in the Brazilian context. Cross-sectional analysis of 2,765 participants from wave 4 of the Pró-Saúde longitudinal study (2011-2012). Logistic regression was used to investigate the association between race/color and cardiometabolic multimorbidity (physician diagnosis of two or more self-reported cardiometabolic conditions). Analyses were stratified by gender and adjusted for age and education. Black women had a higher prevalence of cardiometabolic multimorbidity when compared to White women (35.4% vs. 20%). Race/color was associated with greater odds of cardiometabolic multimorbidity only in women, mainly Black women (OR 2.19; 95%CI 1.64-2.91), followed by Brown women (OR 1.46; 95%CI 1.11-1.91), compared to White women. After adjustments, the statistically significant association persisted only in Black women (OR 1.72; 95%CI 1.26-2.34). There is racial disparity in cardiometabolic multimorbidity in Brazil, especially for Black women.
Related Concept Videos
Bias in Epidemiological Studies
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction
Psychoneuroimmunology: Cardiovascular Disease
A key area of focus in PNI is the relationship between stress and coronary...
Lifestyle Factors and Health
Benefits of Physical Activity
Physical activity, whether through structured exercise or casual activities like walking, biking, or dancing, is a cornerstone of a...
Factors Affecting Illness
For instance, risk factors are connected to illness,...
Confounding in Epidemiological Studies

