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Updated: Mar 6, 2026

Guidelines for Elective Pediatric Fiberoptic Intubation
Published on: January 17, 2011
Pediatric Airway Management: From Fetus to Adolescent
Annery G Garcia-Marcinkiewicz1, Olivia Nelson1, Susan C Nicolson2
1Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Abstract:
Pediatric airway management presents unique challenges due to substantial anatomic and physiologic changes from fetal development through adolescence. This comprehensive review examines evidence-based approaches across all developmental stages, from prenatal diagnosis and fetal interventions to adolescent airway management. Special emphasis is placed on video laryngoscopy advances, apneic oxygenation techniques, cognitive error prevention, and emerging technologies that are transforming pediatric airway care.
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