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Updated: Mar 6, 2026
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Comparing the Effects of Electronic Cigarette Vapor and Cigarette Smoke in a Novel In Vivo Exposure System
Published on: May 24, 2017
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Differentiating the Determinants of Ever Having Used a Vape Versus Use Frequency: A Hurdle Modelling Approach
Daniel J Phipps1,2, Zoe Griffith3, Martin S Hagger4,3,5
1Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyvaskyla, Finland. daniel.j.phipps@jyu.fi.
International Journal of Behavioral Medicine
|March 4, 2026
Summary
Understanding youth vaping requires differentiating initial experimentation from sustained use. Beliefs about outcomes, not harm perceptions, drive both vaping initiation and frequency in young adults.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Public Health
- Behavioral Science
Background:
- Youth vaping is a growing public health concern.
- Psychological factors influencing youth vaping need further investigation.
- Distinguishing between vaping initiation (ever-use) and sustained use (frequency) is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the psychological correlates of vaping initiation versus frequency among young adults.
- To differentiate the predictors of trying vaping for the first time from those sustaining regular use.
Main Methods:
- Surveyed 451 undergraduate students on vaping behaviors and psychological factors.
- Employed hurdle modeling to analyze distinct processes of ever-use and use frequency.
- Collected data on attitudes, norms, perceived control, harm perceptions, and automaticity.
Main Results:
- Hurdle modeling revealed distinct predictors for vaping initiation and frequency.
- Vaping initiation (ever-use) was linked to attitudes, norms, and perceived control.
- Vaping frequency was associated with attitudes and behavioral automaticity, not harm perceptions.
Conclusions:
- Beliefs about vaping outcomes and experiences, rather than harm perceptions, predict both initiation and frequency.
- Psychological determinants for starting vaping may differ from those sustaining its use.
- Findings highlight the need for targeted interventions addressing different stages of vaping behavior.
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