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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

1.2K
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

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Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
588
Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

Other Pulmonary Disorders

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Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

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Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
704

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 6, 2026

Use of Electromagnetic Navigational Transthoracic Needle Aspiration E-TTNA for Sampling of Lung Nodules
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Use of Electromagnetic Navigational Transthoracic Needle Aspiration E-TTNA for Sampling of Lung Nodules

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Tuberculosis Presenting as Multiple Pulmonary Nodules Mimicking Malignancy.

Abdel Martinez1, Fatimah Bello1, Brandon Cantazaro1

  • 1The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Weslaco, USA.

Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports
|March 5, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Tuberculosis (TB) can mimic metastatic cancer with multiple pulmonary nodules. Microbiologic testing is crucial for diagnosis, especially when invasive procedures are risky.

Keywords:
infectious diseasemultiple pulmonary nodulespulmonary critical careradiology/imagingtuberculosis

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Multiple pulmonary nodules often suggest metastatic malignancy, but a broad differential diagnosis is essential.
  • Tuberculosis (TB) can present as multiple nodules, mimicking metastatic disease on imaging.
  • Differentiating TB from malignancy requires careful clinicoradiologic and microbiologic correlation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight a case where pulmonary tuberculosis mimicked metastatic malignancy.
  • To emphasize the diagnostic challenges and the importance of microbiologic testing in such cases.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of a woman in her 50s presenting with dyspnea and heart failure.
  • Initial evaluation included imaging (revealing mediastinal lymphadenopathy and pulmonary nodules) and CT-guided biopsy.
  • Subsequent re-presentation with fever and cough led to sputum studies for diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • Initial CT-guided biopsy showed necrotizing granulomas, without malignancy or infection.
  • Sputum studies ultimately confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) via AFB smear and MTB PCR.
  • The patient was treated with standard antituberculous therapy.

Conclusions:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering TB in the differential diagnosis of multiple pulmonary nodules.
  • Microbiologic testing plays a critical role in establishing the diagnosis, particularly when invasive procedures are contraindicated.
  • Maintaining a broad differential diagnosis is key in evaluating patients with pulmonary nodules.