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Blood Group Type and COVID-19 Severity at Tertiary Care Centre, Nepal: An Observational Study
Nabin Kumar Rauniyar1, Late Shyam Pujari1, Rojina Manandhar2
1Department of Internal Medicine, Nepal Police Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Insights
This study found that individuals with blood group A positive were more prevalent in both mild and severe COVID-19 cases. These findings suggest a potential association between blood type A and COVID-19 severity.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
- Hematology
Background:
- The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has led to global health challenges.
- Emerging clinical data suggests a potential link between ABO blood types and COVID-19 susceptibility and severity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the distribution of ABO blood groups among COVID-19 patients.
- To determine if specific blood types are associated with varying COVID-19 severity.
Main Methods:
- An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted.
- Data from 399 COVID-19 patients (January-December 2021) at a tertiary care hospital were analyzed.
- Demographic profiles, blood groups, and COVID-19 severity were recorded and descriptively analyzed.
Main Results:
- The study included 399 COVID-19 cases; 69.7% were male, and 49.62% were aged 21-40.
- Blood group A positive was observed in 31.45% of mild COVID-19 cases and 39.04% of severe COVID-19 cases (bilateral pneumonia).
Conclusions:
- Patients with blood group A positive showed a higher proportion in both mild and severe COVID-19 groups.
- This suggests a potential association between blood group A positive and COVID-19 severity.
Introduction:
The respiratory infection with COVID-19 caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, emerged in December 2019 and was later declared a global pandemic by the world health organization. Clinical observations suggest the role of ABO blood types in susceptibility to COVID-19 infection. The study was designed to find the proportion of blood group distribution across the severity of COVID-19 patients.
Methods:
This is an observational cross-section study conducted at a tertiary care hospital. All COVID-19 patient visiting hospital within January to December 2021 were included in the study. Their demographic profile, blood group and COVID-19 severity were recorded. Descriptive analysis of the date was done.
Results:
There were 399 confirmed case of COVID-19 during study period, out of which 278 (69.7%) were male and 198 (49.62%) were aged between 21-40 years. There were 78 (31.45%) amongst mild COVID-19 and 32 (39.04%) amongst severe COVID-19 (Bilateral Pneumonia) having A positive blood group.
Conclusions:
The study suggests that patients with blood group A positive were more in the mild COVID-19, severe COVID-19 group.
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