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Updated: Mar 6, 2026
Author Spotlight: Integrated Multi-Omics Analysis for Unveiling Multicellular Immune Signatures in Clinical Heart Attack Cohorts
Published on: September 20, 2024
Development of immune-derived molecular markers for coronary heart disease via multimachine learning
Hao Wang1, Chong Du1, Tongtong Yang1
1Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing 210029, China.
Insights
Researchers developed a new diagnostic model for coronary artery disease (CAD) using machine learning. The study also identified treprostinil as a potential therapeutic agent to treat CAD, improving endothelial cell function.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Genomics
- Immunology
- Computational Biology
Background:
- Coronary artery disease (CAD) poses a significant health burden, with early diagnosis remaining a challenge.
- Coronary atherosclerosis is the primary cause of CAD.
- Novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies are crucial for managing CAD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a novel, high-performance diagnostic model for CAD using machine learning.
- To identify potential therapeutic agents for CAD treatment.
- To investigate the role of immune cell alterations in CAD pathogenesis.
Main Methods:
- Utilized Gene Expression Omnibus datasets for CAD-associated gene expression analysis.
- Applied multiple machine learning algorithms to identify CAD-related genes.
- Conducted immune cell infiltration analysis and in vitro functional assays.
Main Results:
- Identified 32 key genes associated with CAD and immune responses.
- Developed a diagnostic model with excellent performance for CAD detection.
- Observed abnormal alterations in CD8+ T cells and naive B cells in CAD patients.
- Treprostinil demonstrated protective effects against endothelial cell apoptosis and inflammation.
Conclusions:
- A robust diagnostic model for CAD was successfully established.
- Treprostinil shows promise as a therapeutic agent for CAD by mitigating endothelial dysfunction.
- The findings offer new avenues for CAD diagnosis and treatment strategies.
Abstract:
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cardiovascular disorder primarily caused by coronary atherosclerosis, and early, sensitive diagnosis remains a clinical challenge. In this study, we developed a novel diagnostic model for CAD and explored potential therapeutic agents. CAD-associated datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus. Using multimachine learning algorithms, 32 CAD- and immune-related characteristic genes were identified, and the resulting diagnostic model demonstrated excellent diagnostic performance. Immune cell infiltration analysis suggested that CD8+ T cells and naive B cells were the principal immune cell populations showing abnormal alterations in peripheral blood. Furthermore, functional assays indicated that treprostinil significantly inhibited tumor necrosis factor-α-induced apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells, enhanced cell viability, and alleviated endothelial inflammatory responses. In conclusion, we established a robust CAD diagnostic model and screened potential therapeutic drugs, offering new perspectives for the diagnosis and treatment of CAD.
