Clinical and Epidemiological Profile of Patients with Sinonasal Papilloma in a University Hospital

Sinonasal papilloma is the most common benign tumor of the nasal cavity, with the inverted subtype being the most frequent. Its etiology remains highly controversial, but Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is believed to be associated with its pathogenesis. In addition to being locally aggressive, this tumor is characterized by high recurrence rates and malignant transformation potential.

To describe the clinical and epidemiological profile of patients diagnosed with sinonasal papilloma who underwent surgery at a University Hospital.

A cross-sectional study was performed analyzing the profile of patients diagnosed with sinonasal papilloma who underwent surgical treatment between January 1, 2021, and December 31, 2023. Variables such as sociodemographic, symptoms, smoking history, tumor location, Krouse staging, surgical techniques, histological subtypes, recurrence, and malignant transformation were analyzed.

A higher prevalence was observed among women (52.4%), with a mean age of 54.2 ± 12 years old, and without a history of smoking (61.9%). Nasal obstruction was the most reported symptom, with the left nasal cavity being more frequently affected. Most cases were classified as Krouse stage T3, and 85.7% of all analyzed cases were managed exclusively through endoscopic approaches. Inverted papilloma was the most common subtype (66.7%). Only 9.5% and 4.8% of patients experienced recurrence and malignant transformation, respectively.

Sinonasal papilloma was more prevalent in middle-aged women with no history of smoking. The diagnosis and treatment of sinonasal papilloma remain delayed due to nonspecific symptoms and limited access to specialized healthcare in Brazil. Long-term follow-up is crucial for monitoring potential recurrence and malignant transformation.