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Tertiary Healthcare System

Tertiary Healthcare System

Specialized care provided over an extended period is called tertiary care. Usually, a primary or secondary care physician will refer a patient to tertiary care. A patient's maximum physical and mental function is restored in tertiary care, which is caused due to the impact of a chronic illness or condition. Tertiary care aims to achieve the highest level of functioning possible while managing chronic illness. For example, a patient who falls and fractures their hip will need secondary care...

Guidelines for Writing Outcome

Guidelines for Writing Outcome

When developing expected outcomes for a patient care plan, the nurse should adhere to the following recommendations:
Patient outcomes reflect the patient's response to the goal rather than what the nurse aims to achieve. Terminology should be observable and measurable to avoid the reader's interpretation. The desired outcome should be realistic and achievable in the designated care timeframe. Expected outcomes should align with adjunctive therapies. The outcome should enhance care...

Nursing Evaluation

Nursing Evaluation

The evaluation stage signals the end of the nursing process. The nurse gathers evaluative data to assess whether or not the patient has attained the expected results. Whereas the nurse collects data in the nursing assessment to identify the patient's health concerns, the evaluation stage data determines if the indicated health issues are resolved. Evaluative data collection includes two sections: the data acquired to evaluate patient outcomes and the time criteria for data collection.

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...

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Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 6, 2026

Observational Study Protocol for Repeated Clinical Examination and Critical Care Ultrasonography Within the Simple Intensive Care Studies

Observational Study Protocol for Repeated Clinical Examination and Critical Care Ultrasonography Within the Simple Intensive Care Studies

Published on: January 16, 2019

Intensive Care Unit Outcomes at a Tertiary Care Hospital: An Observational Study.

Balaram K C¹, Aarati Dhakal¹, Sakar Paudel²

¹Nepalgunj Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Nepalgunj, Banke, Nepal.

JNMA; Journal of the Nepal Medical Association

|March 5, 2026

Summary

This study examined intensive care unit (ICU) admissions in Nepal, finding respiratory and hepatobiliary conditions as primary causes. High rates of discharge against medical advice and mortality were noted among ICU patients.

Keywords:

Nepal intensive care unit mortality patient outcome assessment respiratory tract diseases

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Last Updated: May 6, 2026

Observational Study Protocol for Repeated Clinical Examination and Critical Care Ultrasonography Within the Simple Intensive Care Studies

Observational Study Protocol for Repeated Clinical Examination and Critical Care Ultrasonography Within the Simple Intensive Care Studies

Published on: January 16, 2019

Monitoring Lung Function with Electrical Impedance Tomography in the Intensive Care Unit

Monitoring Lung Function with Electrical Impedance Tomography in the Intensive Care Unit

Published on: September 6, 2024

Area of Science:

Critical Care Medicine
Public Health
Epidemiology

Background:

Intensive care units (ICUs) provide critical care for severely ill patients.
Understanding patient demographics and outcomes in ICUs is vital for healthcare planning.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the outcomes of patients admitted to the ICU at a tertiary care hospital in Nepal.

Main Methods:

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted over three months.
Data from 390 ICU patients were collected and analyzed using SPSS.

Main Results:

The most common admissions were for respiratory (23.59%) and hepatobiliary (18.97%) conditions.
Males constituted 59% of patients, and 41.54% were over 60.
High rates of discharge against medical advice (47.95%) and mortality (27.95%) were observed.

Conclusions:

Respiratory and hepatobiliary issues are leading reasons for ICU admission.
Observed rates of discharge against medical advice and mortality exceed those in prior research.