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Optically Detected Magnetic Resonance Based Intracellular Thermometry Using Nanodiamonds Implanted in Adherent Cancer

John C Consiglio1, Rostislav Boltyanskiy1, Yuliya L Mindarava2

  • 1Center for Molecular Imaging and Bioengineering, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States.

ACS Applied Nano Materials
|March 5, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Researchers precisely measured temperature changes inside glioblastoma cells using nanodiamonds (NDs) with Nitrogen Vacancy (NV) centers. They observed a reproducible ~1.7°C increase upon mitochondrial uncoupling, improving cellular thermal property understanding.

Keywords:
Intracellular thermometryNV-centerglioblastomametabolismnanodiamondsoptically detected magnetic resonancequantum sensing

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Cell Biology
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Intracellular temperature significantly impacts cell metabolism and the tumor microenvironment.
  • There is a lack of consensus on fundamental cellular thermal properties and reliable measurement tools.
  • Glioblastoma's complex microenvironment necessitates accurate temperature monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a method for precise intracellular temperature measurement in glioblastoma cells.
  • To investigate cellular temperature responses to metabolic changes.
  • To establish nanodiamonds as reliable tools for intracellular thermometry.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized nanodiamonds (NDs) with fluorescent Nitrogen Vacancy (NV) centers for intracellular temperature sensing via Optically Detected Magnetic Resonance (ODMR).
  • Employed dual fluorescence and bright-field imaging to determine ND-mitochondria distances.
  • Implemented careful ND selection, advanced curve fitting, and time averaging for repeatable measurements.

Main Results:

  • Successfully measured intracellular temperature changes in glioblastoma cells with high reproducibility.
  • Observed a consistent temperature increase of approximately 1.7°C upon inducing mitochondrial uncoupling with 5 μM FCCP.
  • Demonstrated the capability of NV-containing NDs for accurate cellular thermometry.

Conclusions:

  • Nanodiamonds with NV centers provide a reliable method for measuring intracellular temperature.
  • Cellular metabolic perturbations, such as mitochondrial uncoupling, induce measurable temperature shifts.
  • This technique advances the understanding of thermal dynamics within the tumor microenvironment.