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Land use drives trematode dynamics in a restored stream system.

Annabell Hüsken1,2, Jessica Schwelm1,2, Bernd Sures1,2

  • 1Aquatic Ecology and Centre for Water and Environmental Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5, Essen, 45141, Germany.

Current Research in Parasitology & Vector-Borne Diseases
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Land use, not restoration history, significantly impacts parasite dynamics in urban streams. Agricultural areas show higher trematode richness and prevalence, suggesting parasites can be useful bioindicators.

Keywords:
Ampullaceana balthicaDegradationFreshwaterLand useRestorationTrematodesUrban

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Parasitology
  • Conservation Biology
  • Freshwater Ecosystems

Background:

  • Urban freshwater ecosystems face numerous stressors, necessitating ecological status evaluation and restoration efforts.
  • Understanding parasite-host interactions is crucial for assessing ecosystem health, yet remains poorly understood in degraded and restored urban systems.
  • Biodiversity loss highlights the need for comprehensive ecological assessments, including less-studied components like parasite communities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate trematode species richness, prevalence, and community composition in snail hosts across a restored urban stream system.
  • To determine the influence of land-use types and restoration history on trematode dynamics within freshwater ecosystems.
  • To evaluate the potential of trematodes as bioindicators for ecological assessment in restored urban habitats.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted monthly sampling of first intermediate snail hosts over two years in an urban stream system.
  • Assessed trematode species richness, overall prevalence, and community composition across different restoration stages and adjacent land-use types.
  • Examined 6300 snails from 13 species, identifying 25 trematode species.

Main Results:

  • Adjacent land use was a significant predictor of trematode dynamics; agricultural sites exhibited higher species richness and prevalence compared to forested or urban sites.
  • Trematode community composition showed minimal spatial turnover and was not substantially affected by restoration history or land use.
  • Restoration history did not influence trematode richness, prevalence, or community composition, indicating rapid recovery of parasite-host assemblages.

Conclusions:

  • Land use is a dominant landscape-level driver of trematode dynamics in urban freshwater ecosystems.
  • Restored habitats may quickly re-establish trematode-host assemblages, irrespective of the restoration timeline.
  • Trematodes show potential as complementary bioindicators for assessing ecological conditions in restored urban freshwater habitats.