Toward Enhanced Cardiovascular Risk Assessment: A Spatial Multiplexing Biosensor for Individual Dual-Mode Detection...

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Analytical Chemistry
• Clinical Diagnostics

Background:

• Early cardiovascular disease diagnosis relies on detecting multiple biomarkers.
• Simultaneous biomarker analysis without cross-talk is a significant challenge in diagnostics.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a novel dual-zone biosensing platform for parallel detection of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and interleukin-6 (IL-6).
• To overcome cross-talk limitations in simultaneous biomarker analysis for improved cardiovascular disease diagnostics.

Main Methods:

• Developed a dual-zone biosensor with spatially resolved zones for independent signal generation.
• Zone I: CdS@Bi₂WO₆ composite and RhB for dual photoelectrochemical (PEC) and fluorescent (FL) detection of cTnI.
• Zone II: dsDNA/MB for dual PEC and electrochemical (EC) detection of IL-6.

Main Results:

• Achieved high specificity, broad dynamic range, and high sensitivity for both cTnI and IL-6 detection.
• Demonstrated low limits of detection for cTnI (PEC: 0.27 pg mL^-1, FL: 0.86 pg mL^-1) and IL-6 (PEC: 0.57 pg mL^-1, EC: 0.65 pg mL^-1).
• Validated functionality in human serum with strong correlation to clinical methods.

Conclusions:

• The developed biosensor provides a generalizable framework for multiplexed bioanalysis using orthogonal detection principles.
• This advancement addresses key challenges in multicomponent bioanalysis, significantly impacting clinical diagnostics.
• The platform enables precise, simultaneous detection of key cardiovascular disease biomarkers.