Controllable synthesis and structural modulation of ultrafine textured cobalt nanowires

The immense computing potential of integrated circuits is critically dependent on their nanoscale interconnects. Acting as a "capillary network", these interconnects should ensure the efficient and reliable transmission of signals and electrical energy. At the ultrasmall nanoscale, cobalt-based interconnects are promising candidates to replace copper-based interconnects, aiming to mitigate the electromigration failures induced by size effects and the increasing interconnect delays owing to high resistivity, but the fabrication of ultrafine cobalt (Co) nanowires remains a great challenge that urgently needs to be conquered. Here, we develop a polycarbonate track-etched (PCTE) template-assisted two-cell electrodeposition route for synthesizing 10 nm diameter single-crystal-like Co nanowires. Importantly, we realize the precise control of crystal orientation along the length direction through the manipulation of pH, and the regulation mechanism of hydrogen ion concentration on surface energy is revealed. The electronic transport properties of nanowires with different preferred orientations are calculated with DFT methods. This work will push forward a big advancement in the interconnect era, providing a solid foundation for tackling the most pressing challenges in advanced integrated circuits.