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Evidence on How the Landscape Configuration of Green-Blue Spaces Modifies Heat-Related Mortality Risk.

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|March 5, 2026
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Green-blue spaces (GBSs) reduce heat mortality risk. Optimized GBS configurations like coupling and connectivity offer greater protection, especially in high-income areas, guiding urban planning for climate resilience.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Epidemiology
  • Urban Planning
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Green-blue spaces (GBSs) are recognized for mitigating heat-related health risks.
  • The epidemiological impact of GBS landscape configurations on heat mortality remains under-researched.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify how GBS exposure and spatial configurations modify the association between heat and mortality.
  • To investigate the role of GBS quantity and quality in heat-related mortality risk.

Main Methods:

  • Case time series study in 1064 Chinese subdistricts (2009-2020).
  • Utilized high-resolution data with conditional Poisson regression and distributed lag nonlinear models.
  • Developed Green-Blue Space Exposure Index (GBSEI) and configuration indices (coupling, shape, fragmentation, connectivity).

Main Results:

  • Increased GBS exposure significantly lowered heat-related mortality risk.
  • Higher GBS coupling, connectivity, and simpler shapes were linked to reduced mortality.
  • GBS fragmentation showed benefits for cardiovascular mortality during heat events.
  • Protective effects were amplified during extreme heat and in females.
  • Configuration benefits were primarily observed in high-income subdistricts.

Conclusions:

  • GBS quantity and quality (coupling, connectivity, shape complexity) are crucial for protection against heat mortality.
  • Optimized GBS configurations offer significant public health benefits, particularly in affluent areas.
  • Findings provide evidence for designing climate-resilient cities through informed urban planning.