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Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Plant Promoter Analysis: Identification and Characterization of Root Nodule Specific Promoter in the Common Bean
Published on: December 23, 2017
Nanodomain-localized formin gates symbiotic microbial entry in legume and solanaceous plants
Lijin Qiao1,2, Heng Sun1,2, Jiping Tang1,2
1State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Abstract:
Colonization of plant roots by symbionts requires substantial morphodynamic reorganization. Examples are actin-scaffolded microcompartments called infection pockets formed during root nodule symbiosis (RNS) by legumes. We demonstrate that the actin-binding formin SYFO2 is indispensable for rhizobial infection in Medicago truncatula, where it drives actin polymerization in phase-separated and symbiosis-specific nanodomains. SYFO2 also regulates symbiotically active arbuscules formed during mycorrhizal symbiosis in plants outside the nodulating clade, indicating that it was additionally recruited to promote rhizobial infections in legumes. As part of our aim to enable nitrogen fixation in nonlegumes, we activated endogenous SYFO2 by stably introducing the RNS master regulator NODULE INCEPTION (NIN) into the natural nonhost tomato. This demonstrates the possibility of recruiting arbuscular mycorrhizae-related genes into an engineered nodulation-specific pathway.
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