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A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis on Alcohol Consumption and Uterine Fibroids: An Update from 2017.
Noemi Salmeri1, Sonia Cipriani2, Elena Ricci3
1Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Dipartimento di Eccellenza 2023-2027, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Infertility Unit, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
The Journal of Nutrition
|March 5, 2026
Summary
Alcohol consumption is not significantly linked to overall uterine fibroid (UF) risk. However, increased UF risk was observed in China and with clinical confirmation, suggesting context-dependent effects.
Area of Science:
- Gynecology
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Alcohol intake is linked to various female health conditions.
- The association between alcohol consumption and uterine fibroids (UF) remains unclear.
- Uterine fibroids are prevalent benign uterine tumors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and synthesize current evidence on alcohol intake and UF risk.
- To provide an updated summary of studies investigating this association.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane databases up to March 2025.
- Inclusion of studies reporting alcohol exposure data in women with and without UF.
- Meta-analysis using random-effects models to calculate pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
Main Results:
- No significant overall association between ever drinking and UF risk (OR=1.04, 95% CI: 0.86-1.26).
- No significant overall association between current drinking and UF risk (OR=1.09, 95% CI: 0.91-1.32).
- Subgroup analyses revealed higher UF risk in China (OR=3.48, 95% CI: 1.29-9.43) and with clinical/surgical confirmation (OR=1.18, 95% CI: 1.00-1.39).
Conclusions:
- Overall alcohol consumption does not appear to be significantly associated with uterine fibroid risk.
- Geographic variations and diagnostic methods influence the alcohol-UF association, indicating context-dependent effects.
- Further research is needed due to study heterogeneity and limited evidence.
