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Related Concept Videos

Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
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Treatment Resistant Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
Treatment Resistent Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistent Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
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Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

MR Molecular Imaging of Prostate Cancer with a Small Molecular CLT1 Peptide Targeted Contrast Agent
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MR Molecular Imaging of Prostate Cancer with a Small Molecular CLT1 Peptide Targeted Contrast Agent

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Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Radioligand Therapy in Patients with Aggressive-Variant Prostate Cancer.

Moein Moradpour1, Abuzar Moradi Tuchayi1, Surekha Yadav1

  • 1Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.

Journal of Nuclear Medicine : Official Publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine
|March 5, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Aggressive-variant prostate cancer (AVPC) patients receiving prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted radioligand therapy (RLT) showed similar PSA reductions but worse overall survival compared to non-AVPC patients. These findings suggest PSMA RLT may be a viable option for AVPC if PSMA expression is adequate.

Keywords:
AVPCPSMA RLTaggressive-variant prostate cancermCRPCoverall survival

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Nuclear Medicine
  • Genitourinary Cancer

Background:

  • Aggressive-variant prostate cancer (AVPC) has high-risk features and is typically treated with chemotherapy.
  • Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted radioligand therapy (RLT) is an emerging treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the outcomes of patients with AVPC treated with PSMA RLT.
  • To compare treatment response and survival in AVPC patients versus non-AVPC patients receiving PSMA RLT.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study of 82 AVPC patients and a paired cohort of non-AVPC patients who received PSMA RLT at 3 academic centers.
  • AVPC patients were subcategorized into clinicopathologic (AVPC-C) and molecular signature (AVPC-MS) groups.
  • Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response, PSA progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and imaging parameters (SUVmean, total tumor volume) were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • The percentage of patients achieving ≥50% PSA reduction was similar between AVPC (62.1%) and non-AVPC (60.7%) groups.
  • Median PSA PFS was 3.2 months for AVPC vs. 4.2 months for non-AVPC (P=0.10).
  • Median OS was significantly shorter for AVPC patients (11.8 months) compared to non-AVPC patients (13.3 months) (P=0.04). No significant OS difference was observed between AVPC-MS and AVPC-C subgroups.

Conclusions:

  • Patients with AVPC treated with PSMA RLT experienced significantly worse overall survival compared to non-AVPC patients.
  • Despite worse OS, AVPC patients showed comparable PSA response rates to PSMA RLT.
  • PSMA RLT should be considered for AVPC patients with sufficient PSMA expression.