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Related Concept Videos

Development of Human Microbiota01:30

Development of Human Microbiota

The human microbiota begins developing at birth and undergoes continual change as we age. Infancy marks a critical period of microbial sensitivity, offering a “window of opportunity” during which beneficial microbes help mature the immune system. By age three, children typically develop a more stable and diverse microbial community. Newborns acquire microbes from their immediate environment; vaginal delivery favors maternal vaginal microbes, while cesarean births favor microbes from the skin...
Development of the Oral Microbiota01:28

Development of the Oral Microbiota

The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 11, 2026

Transcutaneous Microcirculatory Imaging in Preterm Neonates
06:27

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Published on: December 31, 2015

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Plasma Microbial Cell-free DNA in Well-appearing Preterm Neonates.

Jason Sauberan1, David Kaegi2, Alice Pong3

  • 1Neonatal Research Institute, Sharp Mary Birch Hospital for Women and Newborns, San Diego, CA, United States.

Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
|March 5, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plasma microbial cell-free DNA testing detected organisms in half of well-appearing preterm neonates. Caution is advised for using this method to diagnose culture-negative sepsis in neonatal intensive care units due to potential false positives.

Keywords:
bloodstream infectionlate onset sepsismicrobial cell-free DNAneonatal intensive care

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Microbiology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Sepsis is a critical concern in preterm neonates.
  • Accurate diagnosis of neonatal sepsis, especially culture-negative cases, remains challenging.
  • Novel diagnostic tools are needed to improve sepsis detection in vulnerable infant populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of plasma microbial cell-free DNA (cfDNA) testing for organism detection in well-appearing hospitalized preterm neonates.
  • To assess the potential for false positive results with plasma microbial cfDNA testing in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Plasma samples were collected from 20 hospitalized preterm neonates who appeared well.
  • Plasma microbial cfDNA testing was performed to detect the presence of microbial DNA.
  • Results were analyzed to determine the rate of organism detection.

Main Results:

  • An organism was detected in 10 out of 20 (50%) well-appearing preterm neonates using plasma microbial cfDNA testing.
  • This indicates a high detection rate in a seemingly healthy subgroup.

Conclusions:

  • Plasma microbial cfDNA testing identified organisms in a significant proportion of well-appearing preterm neonates.
  • The findings highlight the need to consider the potential for false positive results when interpreting plasma microbial cfDNA tests for culture-negative sepsis in neonatal intensive care units.