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Postoperative Sleep Interventions and Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Alexander Lombardo1, James Tsimiklis2, Ammar Zaka3

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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sleep interventions significantly improved sleep quality in cardiothoracic surgery patients, as measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). However, these interventions did not significantly reduce intensive care unit (ICU) or hospital stay durations.

Keywords:
cardiac surgerypost‐operativesleep interventionssleep qualitysystematic review

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiothoracic Surgery
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Sleep disturbance affects nearly 78% of patients post-cardiothoracic surgery.
  • No prior systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have assessed sleep interventions in this population.
  • Understanding sleep patterns is crucial for recovery in post-operative cardiac surgery patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate sleeping patterns in post-operative cardiac surgery patients.
  • To determine if sleep interventions improve sleep quality in this demographic.
  • To assess the impact of sleep interventions on intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital admission duration.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs.
  • Searches conducted across PubMed, Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane databases up to February 24, 2023.
  • Included studies focused on adult cardiac surgical patients receiving sleep interventions with standardized sleep scoring measures.

Main Results:

  • A total of 26 RCTs involving 2323 patients were analyzed.
  • Sleep interventions showed a statistically significant improvement in sleep quality, with a standardized mean difference (SMD) of -0.73 (p=0.04) on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) total score.
  • No statistically significant differences were found in the duration of ICU admission (SMD=-0.23, p=0.19) or hospital admission (SMD=-1.10, p=0.01).

Conclusions:

  • Sleep interventions significantly enhance sleep quality in post-operative cardiac surgery patients, evidenced by improved PSQI scores.
  • Sleep interventions did not demonstrate a statistically significant effect on reducing the length of ICU or hospital stays.
  • Further research may be warranted to explore interventions that could impact length of stay alongside sleep quality.