Targeting mitochondrial quality control: Ginsenoside Rg1 as a therapeutic candidate for neuromuscular diseases

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Cell Biology
• Neuroscience

Background:

• Neuromuscular diseases (NMDs) stem from motor neuron/skeletal muscle dysfunction, causing progressive weakness and atrophy.
• Mitochondrial quality control (MQC) dysregulation is implicated in NMD pathogenesis.
• Ginsenoside Rg1 is known to modulate MQC processes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review ginsenoside Rg1's impact on mitochondrial function.
• To explore Rg1's potential therapeutic role in NMDs via MQC modulation.
• To establish a theoretical basis for Rg1's clinical use in NMDs.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of ginsenoside Rg1's effects on MQC.
• Analysis of Rg1's influence on mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy, biogenesis, and mitocytosis.
• Synthesis of evidence linking MQC dysfunction to NMDs.

Main Results:

• Ginsenoside Rg1 regulates key MQC pathways including mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy, biogenesis, and mitocytosis.
• Evidence suggests Rg1's beneficial effects across various diseases linked to MQC.
• Rg1 demonstrates potential in managing conditions associated with impaired MQC.

Conclusions:

• Ginsenoside Rg1 modulates MQC, suggesting therapeutic potential for NMDs.
• Rg1 may serve as an effective agent for treating NMDs characterized by MQC dysfunction.
• Further research can establish Rg1 as a clinical treatment for NMDs.