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Sustainable Development

Sustainable Development

As the human population continues to grow and use resources, we must be mindful of our planet’s natural limits. Sustainable development provides a pathway to maintain and improve human life now while also ensuring that future generations will have the resources that they need. The long-term success of sustainability efforts rests on understanding the interplay between human actions and ecological systems.

Minerals

Minerals

Minerals are essential nutrients that the human body needs in small amounts to work properly. They play a vital role in many bodily functions, such as building strong bones and transmitting nerve impulses. Some minerals are needed for hormone production or to maintain a normal heartbeat. Major minerals include calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium, while trace minerals include iron, manganese, copper, iodine, zinc, cobalt, fluoride, and selenium.

Major...

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Updated: Mar 7, 2026

Prospecting Microbial Strains for Bioremediation and Probiotics Development for Metaorganism Research and Preservation

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Published on: October 31, 2019

Review and Integrated Framework for Deep-Sea Mineral Resources, Ecological Influence, and Future Development.

Jia Liu^1,2, Can Wang^2,3, Ini-Ibehe Nabuk Etim^2,4

¹The School of Bioengineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China, qlu.edu.cn.

International Journal of Microbiology

|March 6, 2026

Summary

Deep-sea mining for vital minerals risks fragile ecosystems. This review assesses mining impacts, highlighting long-term ecological risks and the need for sustainable exploitation standards.

Keywords:

deep biosphere deep-sea ecosystem deep-sea mineral deep-sea mining marine bioleaching

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Area of Science:

Marine Biology
Environmental Science
Oceanography

Background:

Declining land-based resources drive deep-sea mineral exploration.
Deep-sea minerals include polymetallic nodules, sulfides, and cobalt-rich crusts.
Deep-sea ecosystems are fragile and vulnerable to mining disturbances.

Purpose of the Study:

To review deep-sea mineral extraction and utilization.
To analyze ecological and environmental consequences of deep-sea mining.
To discuss emerging technologies for sustainable deep-sea resource recovery.

Main Methods:

Literature review of deep-sea mining impacts.
Analysis of ecological and geochemical consequences.
Synthesis of current technologies and future approaches.

Main Results:

Deep-sea mining activities significantly impact seabed, water column, and surface environments.
Sediment plumes can disperse 5-10 km, with benthic recovery taking decades to centuries.
Ecological impacts are more severe than previously anticipated due to ecosystem fragility.

Conclusions:

Comprehensive ecological impact assessments are crucial for responsible deep-sea resource development.
Effective environmental monitoring and governance systems are needed.
This review serves as a reference for developing international standards for sustainable deep-sea mining.