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Updated: Mar 7, 2026
Characterization of Neuronal Lysosome Interactome with Proximity Labeling Proteomics
Published on: June 23, 2022
Lysosome-specific chemical platforms for precision oncology: from structural design to biological applications
Xing Wang1,2, Yuqi Tang1,2, Quan Li1,2,3
1Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China. yqtang@seu.edu.cn.
Abstract:
The complex mechanisms of tumorigenesis and the inherent limitations of conventional therapies have severely restricted the clinical efficacy of tumor treatment. Owing to their pivotal roles in macromolecular degradation, energy metabolism, autophagy, and signal transduction, lysosomes are increasingly recognized as important targets for precision oncology. In this review, we summarize advances made over the past five years in the development of lysosome-specific chemical platforms for tumor therapy, covering molecular, material, and biomimetic platforms. Through comprehensive assessment of their structural designs, mechanisms of action, and representative applications, this review highlights the advantages and challenges of these platforms in drug delivery, photodynamic/photothermal therapy, immunotherapy, biomimetic strategies, and targeting imaging. Moreover, the unique acidic microenvironment and membrane permeability of lysosomes provide favorable conditions for lysosomal escape, offering another potential and critical mechanism to target as a new tumor treatment strategy. In addition to lysosomal escape, lysosome-specific platforms can target membrane permeability and remodeling of the immune microenvironment in enhancing therapeutic efficacy and overcoming drug resistance. Finally, we highlight the future directions and clinical translation prospects of lysosome-specific self-assembling peptide platforms, coacervates, chimeras, and near-infrared small-molecule probes, emphasizing the critical role of interdisciplinary integration in advancing precision tumor theranostics.
Insights
Lysosomes are emerging as key targets in precision oncology. Recent advances in lysosome-specific chemical platforms offer novel strategies for tumor therapy, including improved drug delivery and immunotherapy.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Biochemistry
- Materials Science
Background:
- Tumorigenesis mechanisms and conventional therapy limitations hinder cancer treatment efficacy.
- Lysosomes play crucial roles in cellular processes, making them attractive targets for precision oncology.
- Recent research focuses on developing lysosome-specific chemical platforms for advanced tumor therapies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review advances in lysosome-specific chemical platforms for tumor therapy over the past five years.
- To assess structural designs, mechanisms of action, and applications of these platforms.
- To explore the potential of lysosomal targeting for enhanced therapeutic efficacy and overcoming drug resistance.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive review of molecular, material, and biomimetic lysosome-specific platforms.
- Assessment of platform applications in drug delivery, photodynamic/photothermal therapy, immunotherapy, and imaging.
- Analysis of lysosomal escape mechanisms and immune microenvironment remodeling.
Main Results:
- Lysosome-specific platforms show promise in drug delivery, phototherapy, immunotherapy, and imaging.
- Lysosomal targeting offers advantages for enhancing therapeutic efficacy and overcoming drug resistance.
- Lysosomal escape and immune microenvironment modulation are critical strategies for tumor treatment.
Conclusions:
- Lysosome-specific chemical platforms represent a significant advancement in precision oncology.
- Future directions include self-assembling peptides, coacervates, chimeras, and NIR probes for tumor theranostics.
- Interdisciplinary integration is crucial for translating these platforms into clinical applications.
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