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Intellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in intellectual and adaptive functioning that manifest during the developmental period. This condition encompasses challenges in reasoning, memory, problem-solving, and learning, accompanied by impairments in everyday life skills, such as communication, self-care, and social interactions. Intellectual disability affects approximately 1% of the population in the United States, impacting an estimated 5...
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Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
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Health promotion allows a person to control the determinants of health, resulting in an improved health status. It enhances the quality of life and reduces premature deaths. Health promotion and illness prevention programs help people make beneficial choices to reduce the risk of disease and disabilities. There are three health promotion and illness prevention levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
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Health literacy is an individual's or a community's capacity to comprehend, receive, read, and use relevant healthcare information and services. The World Health Organization (WHO, 2018) defines health literacy as the cognitive and social skills that determine the ability of individuals to gain access to, understand, and use information in ways that promote and maintain good health. As a result, the WHO helps individuals manage long-term health concerns, participate in preventative...
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Emphasising Learning in Health Promotion Targeting Individuals With Intellectual Disabilities.

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Health promotion for individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) requires tailored strategies. Enabling informed decisions and supportive relationships, alongside organizational improvements, are key to enhancing health outcomes for people with ID.

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Area of Science:

  • Health Promotion
  • Intellectual Disabilities
  • Health Equity

Background:

  • Individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) experience significant health disparities.
  • Effective health promotion strategies for ID are underdeveloped.
  • Lived experiences of individuals with ID and their support networks are crucial for strategy development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore effective health promotion strategies for individuals with ID.
  • To identify organizational prerequisites for successful health promotion in this population.
  • To incorporate the perspectives of individuals with ID, their significant others, and professionals.

Main Methods:

  • Qualitative content analysis of data from eight workshops.
  • Inclusion of 14 individuals with ID and 16 support persons (significant others and professionals).
  • Workshops designed to gather diverse perspectives on health promotion strategies and barriers.

Main Results:

  • Key themes identified: enabling informed decision-making, promoting well-being through relationships, and organizational factors.
  • Informed decision-making is vital for health promotion among individuals with ID.
  • Support persons are central to facilitating health-related learning.

Conclusions:

  • Health promotion for individuals with ID should focus on informed decision-making and supportive relationships.
  • Strategies must be individualized, context-specific, and organizationally supported.
  • Enhanced professional capacity and organizational structures are needed to ensure equitable health promotion.