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Updated: Mar 8, 2026

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Photonic cavity and graphene modified plasmonic interface for enhanced sensing performance.

Wei Luo1, Shaodi Zhu1, Syeda Aimen Abbasi1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.

Talanta
|March 6, 2026
PubMed
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This study introduces a highly sensitive surface plasmon resonance biosensor using photonic crystals and graphene. The novel design achieves enhanced detection for biomedical applications.

Area of Science:

  • Optoelectronics
  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) biosensors are crucial for biomolecular detection.
  • Enhancing SPR sensitivity and bioaffinity remains a key research challenge.
  • Existing methods often face limitations in resolution and fabrication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and experimentally validate a novel SPR biosensor.
  • To enhance sensitivity and bioaffinity through integrated modulation coupling and monolayer graphene.
  • To achieve superior performance for biomedical applications.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a one-dimensional photonic crystal (PC) cavity with alternating dielectric layers (Ta2O5 and Al2O3) on a gold film.
  • Integration of monolayer graphene to further boost sensitivity.
Keywords:
Fast Fourier transformGraphenePhotonic crystal cavitySensing performance enhancementSurface plasmon resonance

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  • Utilizing Finite-Element Method (FEM) for structural optimization and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) for noise filtering.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved a high figure of merit (FOM) and sensitivity, reaching 8900 nm/RIU theoretically and 8052 nm/RIU experimentally.
    • Experimental sensitivity increased to 8128.3 nm/RIU with graphene integration.
    • Demonstrated a 3.7-fold higher resonance shift for human immunoglobulin G detection compared to conventional methods.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed SPR biosensor design offers enhanced sensitivity, resolution, and bioaffinity.
    • The integration of PC cavities and graphene presents a promising strategy for advanced biosensing.
    • This technology has significant potential for diverse biomedical applications requiring precise detection.